Revelation 20:1 - 10 "Living in the Millenium"

On Thursday we remembered the Ascension of our Lord. In 10 days we will remember Pentecost. The next big item on our Lord’s calendar is His second coming.   It is fitting therefore that this Sunday after the Ascension  we should think about the  next  great event on God's calendar - the second coming!

The text before us is very challenging, and I tell you why.  Revelation 20, some believe  and teach is the proof text  that  there will be,  after  Christ’s  coming, a literal, millennial (thousand year) reign on earth, a time when Christ reigns over the nations here on earth.  

They also   speak of two comings of Christ. The first coming is called the secret rapture,  and the other coming  is called   the revelation. 

The  rapture, they say occurs  when   the Lord Jesus  takes His people, the church,  secretly out of the world (i.e. not a public event) and   before the  great tribulation which is coming upon the world. The  revelation  is said to be a time after  the  tribulation, when Jesus comes visibly (i.e. He is revealed), and He comes with the previously raptured saints,  ushering in the  millennial kingdom  on earth. 

They  teach that   during  the 1000 years  of Christ’s earthly reign Satan will be bound and thrown into the bottomless pit for a thousand years.  Accordingly, Christ will rule the nations on earth from Jerusalem. However, after a  1000 years  of peace, they say  that   Satan will be released for a short time,  in which he causes renewed havoc  on earth, after which  the ultimate judgment and  end will come. 

But is this what Revelation 20 is teaching?  

The problem begins with the way in we read the book of Revelation. Two principles ought to  govern our understanding and reading of the book of Revelation:

(i) Spiritual truths in the Revelation are  described in mostly symbolic and not literal language. 

(ii)  The Revelation does not present a linear history of events. The Revelation is a series of cyclical repetitions of the events that occur between Christ’s ascension and His descension, as seen from different angles.  This is not to say that there is no forward movement in the Revelation. There is! Everything steadily progresses and moves to the end, but as we said, it moves forward  in cyclical fashion. 

We observe then that in this regard Chapter 20 does not follow the events of Chapter19.  Chapter 20 depicts another vision, another cycle, which like the other cycles describes the entire period between the first and second coming of Jesus.  What follows now in chapter 20  is another  cycle, another retelling of God’s dealing with the world  and  its final judgment from yet another  perspective.  

At the  end  of  Revelation 19:18 we  read of the  final judgement  of  all people and nations at Christ’s return. In Chapter 20  this  is repeated, but with a different emphasis.  This is, as I said  a typical  pattern found in John’s  Revelation. The relationship between  Chapters 19  and 20  is not a chronological one.  Revelation 20 stands independently.

What then is happening in Revelation 20? The BIG picture

In order to make sense of this we will have to go back to 12:7-9.  There we find a description of what happened to Satan, when he was engaged in a war in heaven with the heavenly angels under the leadership of the archangel Michael.  Satan, at that time was thrown down to the earth. He lost his place in heaven.This all happened when Jesus, at His first coming, began His messianic, gospel ministry on earth. You will remember that  Satan did his utmost to  kill  Jesus  the Messiah. He tried this  first at His birth, when  under Herod  there was an edict to kill all baby boys, which was in reality   an attempt made to  kill  Christ (Matt 2:16-18). Then Satan tried to tempt  Christ in Matt. 4:1-11, in order to get him to compromise and to sin  as our first parents did. But Jesus resisted Satan firmly and He did not sin. In fact, He  proved that  the  kingdom of God had come,  with every demon cast out, with every healing  and miracle done, with  every person  raised from the dead. All these were signs that someone greater and mightier than Satan was here!  The gospel of Jesus systematically  robbed Satan of his power and of his subjects.

Satan’s ultimate defeat  however occurs at the cross, after he  thought that he had disposed of Christ. So, when Christ  rose  from the dead, He  not only  overcame  death, but He triumphed over Satan. Colossians 2:15  says  that, “He (Christ on the cross)  disarmed the rulers and authorities and put them to open shame, by triumphing over them in him.”

Now what is the effect of Christ’s   first coming upon Satan?  The answer is that Satan was bound by Christ’s appearance!  How was Satan bound? Was he bound with literal chains?  No! Satan is a spirit being. He cannot be bound with literal chains.  Satan  was bound by the preaching of the gospel! In Luke 10:1-20   Jesus sends out 72 disciples to preach the gospel. They came back and reported to Jesus, “Lord, even the demons submit in your name”, to which Jesus replied, “I  saw Satan fall like lightning  from heaven.”   (Luke 10:18). Satan is bound by the preaching of the gospel.

Jesus is reigning  NOW. The millennial reign of Christ is NOW.  Satan is bound NOW. The millennial reign of our Lord Jesus follows the cross, resurrection and ascension. Following  His ascension  He is now enthroned in heaven, ruling over  everything tfrom His throne, even now praying for His people (Romans 8). After this He shall return again to judge the living and the dead. We also know that the  present earth and heavens will be  destroyed and recreated  by Christ.

Revelation 20 is a description of  this present gospel age and not of a future age to  come.  The future age is the new Heavens and the new earth. Let us  follow  the logic of Scripture as it unfolds in Revelation 20:1-10. 

Revelation 20

Begins a new vision - Throughout the Book of Revelation, whenever John uses the phrase  “kai eidon” (And  I saw) he is introducing a new vision.

20:1-3  The Binding of Satan

What John sees: He sees an angel coming down from heaven holding the key to the bottomless pit and  a great  chain  with which  Satan  is bound.Who is the angel and  what  is the meaning of the key to the bottomless pit  (Gr. abyss)  and the  chain?

In Rev. 1:18 we see that Christ holds the keys of death and hades in his hand.  Take note also of  Rev. 9:1-2,  where a star  that had fallen from heaven was  given the key to the shaft of the bottomless pit etc.  The bottomless pit is a reference to death and Hades, the present  realm of Satan. So, having been cast of out heaven (Rev.12:7-9), John now sees an angel (either Christ himself, or an angel exercising Christ’s authority) confining Satan to the realm of the dead for a specified time (1000 years) and  for a specific purpose  - so he  cannot deceive the nations. 

The binding of Satan does not mean that his evil activities completely cease during this time.  It simply means that he is not as free to do as he pleases. Satan is bound, like a dangerous dog  on a long chain. In  John  Bunyan‘s Pilgrims Progress,   there is  an anxious moment where Christian, on his  way to the heavenly city  has to pass between some lions.  He grows fearful, but  a man called ‘Watchful’ reminds him  that  these lions were  kept on a chain.  If he would keep to the path he would be safe.  This is a great illustration in terms of how Satan is bound.  If you keep your distance from his territory you will be safe. If you get within the radius of the chain you will be in trouble.  If you stay with Christ you are safe.

So then it is not that Satan ceases all activity during Christ’s millennial reign. He is thrown down to the earth, but he is bound by the gospel so that he cannot   hinder the work of the true church. Jesus said, “ I will build my church and the  gates of hell shall not prevail against it. I will give you the keys of  the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth  shall be loosed  in heaven.”  (Matt. 16:18,19). We have seen this in the history of the world of the last 2000  years. The Roman empire tried to get rid  of  the church. Today we go and visit Roman ruins!  Mao Tse Tung  and Lenin and Stalin and Hitler and many other communist dictators tried to get  rid of the  church. Well, they are all dead, and the church continues. 

It will only be at the very end, just   before Christ’s visible second  coming   that  Satan will be set loose,  by God’s  sovereign decree for a little while,  and he  will achieve  what is described  in  11:7-10.  The church  of that period will undergo a very hard time, but until that time comes, he is bound.  

20:4-6  The scene now shifts to heaven.

Throughout the Book of Revelation, thrones are always in heaven, not on the earth. Therefore, this scene is in heaven. On the thrones are those to whom authority is given to judge. See Jesus speaking of this  in  Matthew 19:28 and  Luke 22:28-30.

And then there are, according to John, “souls” (Gr.psuchas)  - the  spirits of those who were killed for refusing to worship the beast.  When they die, John says, they immediately come to life and they reign with Christ for a 1000 years! They are reigning with Him in heaven right now!

The rest of the dead, those who did not die as martyrs, did not come to life until the 1000 years were ended (i.e. until the second coming). They have shared in the first resurrection over which the second death has no power. This needs some explanation!   

The first resurrection is not a reference to the bodily resurrection at the end of the age, but it refers to a believer’s new birth. When you are born again, you are literally made alive through regeneration, conversion, and finally  through  entrance into heaven at death, a point confirmed by a number of New Testament passages, most notably John 5:24-25, where Jesus says,“I tell you the truth, whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life and will not be condemned; he has crossed over from death to life. I tell you the truth, a time is coming and has now come when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God and those who hear will live.”

John teaches very clearly in his gospel that all those who come to faith in Jesus Christ have crossed over from death to life. When you become a Christian you experience the first resurrection. You cross over from death to life! 

20: 7-10  What happens at the end of the thousand years?   

According to v.7, “when the thousand years are  ended, Satan will be released from his prison and will  come out to deceive the nations…”  etc.

The focus shifts back again to the earth, to those days before the return of Jesus Christ. Satan and his chronies will be released from his prison for a little while.  With the help  of the  great prostitute, the anti-Christ and the false prophet,   Satan will  now be  able  to deceive the nations for the  purpose of trying to get rid of the church of Jesus Christ.  Notice the  reference  to  Gog and Magog (cf. Ezekiel. 38 & 39). This is  a  prophecy in which gentile nations attack Israel en masse – like a cloud covering the land (Ez.  38:16)   John has already referred to this final battle when the nations gather to make war on the church in Rev. 16:12-16,   the battle of Armageddon, at  which the devil and all his associates are finally and definitely defeated.

SUMMARY

Revelation 20:1-6, is not a description of a future millennial reign of Christ upon the earth. It is a description of Satan’s limited power  right  now, while the gospel  has its way  in the earth right now.  Satan is bound. All the true  sheep of Christ must be called out of this present  kingdom of darkness  and be brought into Christ's kingdom of light (John 10).

We also  read of the present reign of the saints in heaven. And in heaven, those who have suffered at the hands of  Satan’s beast, these are now protected from Satan’s assaults, for Satan no longer has access to heaven, having been cast down to earth (Rev.12:7ff). 

The saints – the church of Jesus,  now rule and reign for a symbolic  thousand years as priests of Jesus Christ as His kingdom advances  all over the earth. 

But there will be a time, a final brief  time  when all hell will break loose, and were it not for  Christ’s sudden return  it would be terrible: “And if those days had not been cut short, no human being would be saved. But for the sake of the elect those days will be cut short (Matt. 24:22).

Furthermore, Revelation 20:7-10 describes what happens when Jesus Christ returns to earth in judgment.  Jesus comes to rescue his church in it’s  greatest  trial, at which time  Satan will be thrown into the lake of fire  together with the great prostitute , the beast and the false prophet. 

All that remains then is the final judgment, which is described in verses 11-15 – the  great white throne judgement – the final judgement.  

Each true  believer may look forward to the second coming of Christ, which  will be visible (and not secret or in two stages). 

When Jesus comes no one will be mistaken. Every eye will see Him. 

We may look forward to the end of the age and to the recreation of the  heavens and the earth – the idea of a millennial reign  on earth seems muddled  and problematic. 

When Christ returns at His second coming we may look forward to  our resurrection bodies and life everlasting in a perfect world where there are no traces  of sin and  Satan. 

Even so Lord Jesus, come! Amen

1 John 4:7- 5:5 GOD’S LOVE AND OUR LOVE

John turns somewhat abruptly from his discussion of true and false teachers (4:1-6) to make yet another appeal to his readers, that they should love one another. In fact, this is now the third time that he exhorts his readers to love one another. [1]  This subject obviously weighs heavily on his mind.

Let us remind ourselves of what we have seen and learned previously. John started his letter with a great statement about the Lord Jesus Christ (1:1-4). He has seen Jesus personally in the flesh. He has looked upon Him and touched Him (1:1).  He was of the inner circle of Jesus, and he is frequently referred to as the disciple whom Jesus loved[2]. 

Church history tells us that the apostle John lived into the late 90’s of the first century. He was the last surviving apostle. John is literally a first generation Christian. He is a man who had walked with Jesus for a long way. His personal acquaintance, knowledge and experience of Jesus is profound.  We learn much about Jesus from the gospel of John, the three letters of John and from the Revelation to John.  He was known as the apostle of love. That is what happens if you spend a lifetime with Jesus. He became so much like Jesus.

The subject of love is at the heart of our text. In fact, this subject is at the heart of this entire letter. It is at the heart of John’s life and ministry.  This love however, does not stand on its own. It is rooted in the person of Jesus. It is rooted in the very being of God. It gives definition to God’s being: God is love!   (4:8,16)

It is very clear that John’s Christian readers were struggling with the world in which they were living. Their confidence in Christ was being undermined.  They needed answers and assurances from this senior brother and pastor. This was all due to the fact that their world (like our world) was contaminated by sin. The current worldwide   outbreak of the Covid-19 virus serves us with an illustration in terms of how pervasive and devastating sin is.    The devil [3] is the originator of sin in the world. He “has been sinning from the beginning” (3:8). “The whole world lies in the power of the evil one” (5:19).The devil, through the spirit of the anti-Christ [4] (2:18) takes people captive by replacing Christ[5] with other loves. This he does by making them focus on the desires of the flesh, the desires of the eyes and the pride of life (2:16). His agents on earth are deceivers, false prophets and false spirits (2:26;3:7; 4:1-6). They were replacing the Lord Jesus Christ and substituting His truth by promoting error in the world. False thinking about Jesus has leads humanity astray into sin of all kinds.

Even Christians get led astray. When sin and false thinking about Jesus dominates a Christian’s life, they struggle with lack of assurance, because the centre does not hold.  

Sin also infects fellowship; it affects our sense of assurance. It robs us of our joy. Walking in darkness (1:6); not loving the brothers (2:9,11; 3:10,15,17);  loving the world (2:15); accepting  false teaching about Christ  (2:18ff; 4:1-6)  are all hindrances  to our fellowship, assurance and joy

1 John 4:7-5:5

And so we take note that this is the third time that John addresses the matter of loving one another. The word for love here and throughout his letter is the distinct Christian word, ‘agape’. The possession of this unique   love is one of the evidences and assurances that one is a born again believer.  Remember again, that John wrote this letter to provide his readers with assurance and real joy. And again we must be reminded that the devil was hard at work through the spirit of the anti-Christ, the false prophets and the deceivers to undermine this assurance, by undermining the public’s confidence in Jesus.  This is very important for us to see.  Notice that John was busy writing about the importance of loving one another in 3:11-24, when he interrupted himself to speak about the disruptive work of Satan and his agents in 4:1-6 before he continues to speak about the importance of love again in 4:7-5:5.

The point is this. If you destroy the true testimony of Jesus, you destroy the true origin and meaning of love. If you can undermine confidence in the source of Christian love, you make agape love, Christian love, less profound than it is. So, it is important to see that John does not divorce truth (as it is in Jesus and God) from the exercise of love.  Love in itself without truth is merely sentimental. It is unprincipled. Conversely, truth without love can be harsh. John keeps the balance.  The child of God both believes, AND loves (see 3:23). John wants Christians to be rooted in Jesus- who is the truth, AND he wants them to exhibit the love of Jesus at the same time.    

So, as we look at our passage, we see that John is on about two things:

(i)               He wants us to see that the source of love is God. He wants us to draw from that source.

(ii)             He wants us to reflect God’s love. This is proof or assurance that we are the children of God. (Remember that this letter is about assurance!) 

In  4:7a    we see this clearly:  “Beloved, let us love one another for love is from God.”

Three things:

(i)               Notice how John lovingly addresses his readers: beloved (agapētoi) cf. 4:1,7,11. He leads by example. He practises what he preaches. He loves his readers

(ii)             The source of love (agapē) is from God. God is love (4:8). God defines love. He gives us the capacity to love  (cf. Rom 5:5)

(iii)           True believers manifest this love towards fellow Christians.

4:7b,8  “… and  whoever loves  has been  born of God and knows God. 8. Anyone who does not love does not know God, because God is love.”  The presence or absence of such love determines whether one has been born again, and whether one knows God, or whether one is not born again and therefore doesn’t know God.  John makes his argument in a positive and in a negative way (Hebrew parallelism[6])

SUMMARY: Our text speaks about God, the source of love, and the believer as he / she reflects the love of God, particularly now among fellow believers.  In the text that follows,  John repeats this  thought in one way and another. We are not going to deal with the rest of our  text systematically but  thematically.  Let us then see what else we can learn about God, the source of love and the believer as he/she  expresses the love of God in practical ways to his /her fellow believer.   

1.     God – the Source of love

·       4:7 Love is from God

·       4:8  God is love. See also 4:16

·       4:9  The love of God was made supremely manifest in the giving of  Jesus  cf. John 3:16)

·       4:10a  (see also  4:19) The prior love of God. He loved us first.

·       4:10b He gave His Son as a propitiation for our sins. Propitiation = In Christ’s sacrifice God deals with the problem of His own righteous anger towards us. [Expiation = In Christ’s sacrifice God deals with the problem of our personal sin, by effectively removing  it. A ‘double cure’ is needed]

2.     The Believer – under obligation to  show the love of God  in their  love  for  fellow believers

John works  out the application of love in two ways:

(i)               Loving one another (positive)

(ii)             What  happens if  we  do not love one another (negative)

The act of loving one another is motivated by the understanding of the amazing manifestation of God’s love in 4: 9-11. John’s conclusion is, “Beloved, if God  so loved us  (in this wonderful  and astonishing manner), we also ought to love one another.   

Conversely, John spells out the implications of not loving one another. It is a sure sign of not being born again and of not knowing God experientially (4:7b). In particular  John challenges us that it is impossible to say that one is a Christian if one bears hatred in their heart towards  a brother or sister  cf. 4:20. (cf. 2:9-11) 

A  few more  general observations

1.     The call to love is rooted in the commandment of God (4:21, 5:2,3). Why must we love our brothers?  Because God has commanded it. Period!

2.     A word about the perfection of God’s love in the believer (cf. 4:12,17,18). Very often we sense that we are not perfect in the application of love. The perfection spoken about does not relate here to the fact that we always succeed, but the fact that God has placed within us a perfect and loving Saviour. I will find that I more I trust Him and the more I rely upon Him the more I shall find  supernatural capacity even to love  and  forgive my  enemy!  The Christian life lived by faith in the indwelling Christ constantly amazes.  Another wonderful   fact that relates to our assurance is found in  4:17,18: ”By this is love perfected with us  so that  we may have confidence (assurance)  on the day of judgement.”  The more we trust in Christ, the more our love is perfected, the less we shall fear the coming judgement.  And another wonderful  by-product of  a perfected love is this:  “There is no fear in love, but perfect love drives out fear, for fear has to do with punishment”. And again conversely,  “Whoever fears has not been perfected  in love.” (4:18) 

3.     A key word (also found in John 15) for maintaining biblical love is ‘abiding‘ (cf.4:12,13,15,16). Being rooted in Christ is the key. The Holy Spirit helps us in this regard (4:13)

5:1-5 Believing in Christ is the key to being able to manifest biblical love

As we close we take note how important it is to root our life entirely in Christ (5:1,5). All the fears, imperfections of our lives in this world are taken care of when we abide and grow  in Christ. Again, we take note how we cannot truly love without being rooted in the truth of Christ. The truth of Christ leads to authentic love. Sadly, so often a wedge is driven between those two things. We hear people say, “Doctrine (absolute insistence upon truth) divides! We need to stop talking about all this doctrine and just love one another.” As far as John is concerned, you cannot do that.  Truth as it is in Jesus energises love. Apart from this it is watered down. Truth and love go hand in hand. They cannot be separated without damage to one or the other.

I trust that you realise what is at stake here. I trust that you now appreciate the closing words in 5:3-5. This poor, messed up world will not be conquered and overcome if we do not continue to believe and abide in Christ, and if we are not ruled by the love of God. In fact the world will overcome and conquer us. We have relied on false versions of love for far too long.  And sadly we see that this compromise of church, and of many Christians, has led Christianity to be in such an impoverished state in our own society, and now the world is poorer for our absence. This world needs the truth driven love of God. You are God’s representatives.  Go and do something about it. It is not a suggestion. It is a command from God.  

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[1] Cf. 1 Jn. 2:7-11 ; 3:11-18

[2] John 13:23; 19:26; 20:2; 21:7,20

[3] 1 John 2:13,14; 3:8,12

[4] 2:18,22

[5] That’s  what anti-Christ means –“ in place of”

[6] E.g. for further study   about Hebrew parallelism :  https://www.olivetree.com/blog/poetry-bible-parallelism/

1 John 3:11-24 "BROTHERLY LOVE -THE GREAT MARK OF THE CHRISTIAN ”

General Outline 

1.     John’s  great objective  for writing this letter is found in 1 John 1:4 : “ ... and we are writing these things that your joy may be complete …”. That is the goal of the gospel- to give us true joy, even in the midst of many trials and troubles.

2.     This joy is possible, because believers (whom John calls “my little children”[1]) have fellowship with the Father and the Son (1:3) by the help of the Holy Spirit (3:24; 4:13)[2].

3.     This joy can be undermined quickly, and our sense of assurance may be affected when unconfessed sin has a hold on the believer. Sinning believers are urged to run to their Advocate for help (2:1). Habitual sin  proves that one is not a Christian (see 3:4-8) 

4.     John provides a number of tests by which we may know what are children of God (light) and what are children of the devil (darkness).  He shows us that the spirit of Christ constantly clashes with the spirit of the anti- Christ.  Righteousness clashes with unrighteousness. John wants his readers to have a sense of assurance, by helping them to understand the nature of   biblical faith, whilst also exposing false   forms of faith.

5.     One of the big marks of the children of God is their capacity to reflect the love of God that has been given to them (3:1 cf. Rom. 5:5) particularly as it relates to our brothers and sisters in the faith.

We now come to consider 1 John 3:11-24. 

Our text is rooted in what we have considered last week in 2:28-3:10. Let us revise what we learned there: 

1.   2:29: The imputed righteousness received from God in Christ enables the believer to practise righteousness.

2.     In 3:1ff we are told that the love of God has been given to every believer. And in John’s eyes we are the beloved.[3] The inevitable outcome of this love is that we love God so much that we want to obey His commandments (1:3). The greatest application of that commandment is that we must love our brothers and sisters in Christ. It is the greatest mark of Christlikeness (3:3). It is the sign given to the world by which the world may know that Christians are like God i.e. godly (see John 3:34,35).  Part of expressing that love is that we do not love what the world loves (2:15). In fact, biblical love is hatred of sin (3:4ff). Sin is of the devil for the devil has been sinning from the beginning (3:8). So, any definition of biblical love needs to incorporate a hatred for that which is contrary to the nature of God. But love cannot only be known by that which it disapproves. Love must be shown in a practical sense to our Christian brothers and sisters. 

3.     In 3:8-10 we take note of the 2 family groupings of mankind in this world. There are the children of God and the children of the devil. That is the only proper division that can be made on this earth. John makes a distinction between light and darkness, believers and unbelievers, children of God and children of the devil.    

So, with this is mind we are able to consider our text in 1 John 3:11-18.  Here we shall find two profound  thoughts expressed by John:

1.     3:11-18  Profound distinction  made between the two families of the earth.

2.     3:19-24  Profound pastoral counsel  given.

1.     A Profound Distinction

John likes to state things in clear terms. There are no grey areas in John's theology. The two key words, which distinguish these two families are (i) hate and (ii) love.  We are no strangers to these terms, for John has already introduced us to them in 2:7-11.

(i)           The family which is of the devil is represented by Cain. “Cain, who was of the evil one… murdered his brother… because his own deeds were evil and his brother’s righteous.” [4] (3:12). This family’s chief trait is hate. This family’ history starts with jealousy and it ends in murder. This family’s history continues in the world. This family killed the true prophets, because it despises and hates the truth of God. The Pharisees etc. hated Christ so much, that they murdered him.  That is why John adds this thought, “Do not be surprised brothers, that the world hates you.” (3:13). Jesus often warned his disciples concerning this.[5]  This conflict continues. Having been born in the last century  I never thought  that I would see such hatred  of the world for the Christian faith. I grew up in a society where Christ and the church were largely revered. This has changed totally, and all around the world Christians are now mocked, despised, persecuted and killed.

(ii)      The family of God is represented by Abel, and more specifically by our federal head, Christ. This family’s chief trait is love.  “For this is the message that you have heard from the beginning, that we should love one another” (3:11). This family is motivated by the love of God, which is imputed, or given  to the members of this family (cf. 3:1; 4:10,19).

What we learn here is that basic attitudes lead to basic actions. You will ultimately display what is in you.

(i)           If you are driven by the world’s way of thinking, rooted in the fall and acting as a fallen person, your fallen attitudes will lead to a life of hatred. It may not lead to physical murder, but we only need to be reminded of the words of our Lord Jesus in Matt. 5:21-26, where we are reminded that there is no moral difference between the murderer and the hater. Both Jesus and John say that hating is akin to murder.  Anyone possessed with perpetual hatred or jealousy or envy towards a brother or sister cannot claim to have eternal life (3:15).  Such a person cannot claim  to be  indwelt  by the Holy Spirit (3:24,4:13).

(ii)         By way of contrast, if you are indwelt by the love of Christ, that attitude will  lead to a very different action. “Christ laid down his life for us and we ought to lay down our lives for the brothers“ (3:16). Verse 17 continues to explain what this laying down of our lives means. It may not necessarily mean that we have to die for others. But something in us has to die. We must die to our own comforts and desires when it comes to the suffering we see in our brothers and sisters.  We cannot be indifferent to the physical, emotional and spiritual needs of our brothers (3:17).  Love is not an academic exercise. It is very practical (3:18).  Love is in deed and  in truth. We hear echoes of James 2:14-17.

Please note that these two contrasting attitudes and actions issue in two contrasting destinies, and they are summed up in 3:14: “We know that we have passed out of death into life, because we love the brothers. Whoever does not love abides in death”.

And so we must observe that practical love for our brothers and sisters is a defining mark of the Christian. If you have it this will be an assurance to you. If you don’t have it, you should be very concerned.

2.     1 John 3:19-24:  Wise Pastoral  Counsel

Most of us find that we have problems with assurance at some stage of our spiritual walk. Now may be the moment. You have been listening to this and you may be saying to yourself. “I wonder whether I am a Christian at all? Am I not failing this test?” John, in this section is addressing the challenge of a condemning heart, and he will give us wise pastoral counsel.

3:19-20: “By this (or ‘in this’)  we shall know  that we are of the truth and reassure our hearts before Him; for whenever  our heart condemns us, God is greater than our heart, and he knows everything.”  John has just spoken about hating and loving brothers or sisters, and the consequences of that. Now we alone know our inner motives and struggles that we may have with a particular, brother or sister. We may feel that our hearts condemn us in this matter (3:19).  It is appropriate that this seasoned pastor and apostle John should stop here and deal with the hearts of his readers and listeners.

John does not encourage us to go into denial mode about these things. He wants to help us, and he wants to help our anxious hearts in this respect: “God is greater than our hearts and He knows everything.” (3:20). God is greater than our anxious hearts! It is not that God minimizes or ignores our failures. He knows us better than we do. He knows our imperfections.  So, when we face the crisis of a condemning conscience (and all Christians do, by virtue of their  sensitised hearts)  we  need to take that anxious conscience  to God, and  let Him work with us.

At times like this it is important not to get lost in the subjective experience of a moment of failure, but to fully  rest in the grace of God.  And we must  rest on the general tone and tenor  of our lives, and  based on  God’s truth and love  at work within us. We must  examine ourselves before God in prayer with regard to a particular situation or conflict that has arisen  between a brother /sister and ourselves. It may require repentance at that point (if we have truly sinned – do not just indulge in false guilt), but the main thing is that this is not  something that should rob us of  our peace. If our general behaviour is in line with the gospel, our heart after such examination  should not condemn  us.

From this follows the next line of argument. If our conscience do not condemn us we have confidence with God, and our prayers are in no way hindered (3:22). 

At all times we must remember that our assurance is not built by excessive navel gazing and introspection, but by looking  more to Jesus,  the Author and Perfecter of our faith. We are called to believe in the name of  his Son Jesus Christ (3:23)  and we need to revel in that relationship!   

John takes those many commandments  which  we need to obey (3:22)  and combines them all into  one great commandment ,”to  believe in the name  of his Son Jesus Christ, and to love one another.” (3:23) This is in essence the summary of the 10 commandments,  and of the Scriptures.

What then gives us ultimate peace and assurance? ANSWER ... believing in Christ.

What is the greatest outworking of our faith in Christ?  What are the fruit of our believing? ANSWER...that we love the brothers.  

Please note that  we must maintain that order, and never turn that order around. Never begin with the love  for your brothers. You will find enough to condemn you. The key  to  Christian assurance  is found  in that little word ‘abiding’ (cf. John 15, and so many times in this letter)  - abiding  in God and God abiding in us (25:4a). Make sure that your relationship  with God is right. Everything else follows.

But, finally, how does He abide in us?...By the Spirit  whom he has given us (3:24b). No-one less than the Holy Spirit can give us this level of  assurance  (see also  Rom 8:16).

With God at the centre we can truly live as God’s beloved children. We can truly love, even imperfectly.  Our final assurance  rests  in God’s finished  work in Christ. Amen

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[1] 2:1,12,18,28; 3:7,,18; 4:1; 5:21

[2] The work of the Holy Spirit in 1 John :  3:24; 4:2, 6, 13; 5:6,8

[3] 2:7;3:2,21; 4:1,7,11

[4] The story is recorded in Genesis 4

[5] Jn. 15:18,19,25; 16:1ff ;17:14