Friday, April 8, 2022

Genesis 46 - "Israel moves to Egypt"

 


We learn that God has mysterious ways to keep His people safe in His domain. In this 46th  chapter  of Genesis we continue to learn of God’s surprising means of providence, as He Jacob (Israel) and his family to Egypt, and there in a region called Goshen He keeps them provided and protected until the fourth generation -  the time when the iniquity of the Amorites (Canaanites) will be complete (Gen 15:16). Here we are at the beginning of the fulfilment of that word.  The nation of Israel was conceived in Canaan, but Egypt will be the womb in which the nation will develop, until God sends her back to Canaan 400+ years later.

There is ultimately no  safe place in this fallen world. That is why God moves His people from place  to place. The only safe place will be  our heavenly Canaan.  

The re-union between Joseph and his brothers happened in Chapter 45 – a chapter of tremendous importance and perspective – particularly 45:4-8. now it is time to fetch their father from  the land of Canaan.   

OUTLINE

(i)                 46:1-4  Encounter with God  at Beersheba

(ii)               46:5-7 Leaving Beersheba

(iii)           46:8-27  Genealogy of  Jacob’s children, divided  into 4 groups, according to their mothers.  

(iv)          46: 28-34  Reunion of Joseph and Jacob. Preparation for the audience with Pharaoh.

 1.      6:1-7  An encounter with God  at Beersheba

Israel /Jacob   having heard the astonishing news of  Joseph’s  life and position in Egypt – the fulfilment of Chapter 37,  is now on his way to Egypt.  He is an old man by now. He knew that he was going to die there (45:28; 46:4). That in itself was a huge step for Jacob, since he knew that Egypt was not the land of promise. Canaan was.  But since this was in response to the providence, the leading  of God, Israel was now prepared to leave.  In Genesis 15:13, God had said to Abram, "Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a land that is not theirs, where they will be enslaved and oppressed four hundred years.” God’s mills grind slowly indeed. His purposes stretch across many generations. That humbles us greatly.  Jacob knows that this is God’s plan.  He knew that this was not going to be a short  family outing. We are told that he took all he had (46:1).   

And so in response to God's word and God's providence, he makes his way down into Egypt. When he comes to Beersheba, on the southern border of Canaan, we read that  he offered sacrifices to the God of his father Isaac”. Beersheba was the place of  Isaac's  own encounter with God (26:23-25). It is here in 46:3,4 that  God  speaks  to Jacob/ Israel in visions of the night, reaffirming the promise given to Abraham and to Isaac.  Here God   says six things  to Israel,

(i)           I am God, the God of your father. God Himself, is always our greatest comfort. At Beersheba, on leaving the promised, the God of his father Isaac and of Abraham his grandfather  reminds him  concerning the covenant promises.  

(ii)     “Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt”. Despite all misgivings and evil associations  concerning the place,  God  encourages  him  to go to  Egypt.  

(iii)        “There  I will make you into a great nation” – fulfilment  of  promise to Abraham in Genesis 12:2.

(iv)         “I myself will go down with you to Egypt.” -  God’s reassuring presence with His people. God is not located or restricted  to a temple.  He is located among His people. The significance of the tabernacle later  was that God was moving with His people.   

(v)          “I will  bring you up again”. Israel himself will die in Egypt.  But  Israel /Jacob is the federal head of the family, and he lives on in His family. The covenant extends further than Israel Himself.   God is not going to leave the children of  Israel  in Egypt forever. But in faithfulness to His promise, made to Abram in Genesis 15:13ff, God was going to bring  the children of Israelback to the land of promise.  [Incidentally, Egypt is the picture of the world. The church is born in  bondage and affliction; her destiny is the heavenly Canaan] 

(vi)         ”Joseph’s hand shall close your eyes.”  The one son  Jacob thought he'd  never see again, he will see, and  he will close his eyes in death.  

2.      46: 5-7  Leaving Beersheba

“Jacob set out from Beersheba…”. Having been in the presence of God  and having obtained the promise of God, Israel  has the assurance of God.

“The sons of Israel carried Jacob their  father”. The phrase, 'the sons of Israel' or ‘children of Israel’ becomes a standard phrase   for the people of God – the people chosen by God.   In one sense this movement is the beginning of the formation of the nation.  God is taking Israel into Egypt in order to create a nation. He will forge  this nation in the furnace of affliction. Character is created in adversity. It is God specifically and personally working to shape the character of His people individually and collectively. Whom the Lord loves, He disciplines (Hebr.12:6). God's  providential plan in the lives of His people included an Egypt experience. 

Do not be surprised when God sends you into  deserts and other un-thought-of  places to form you.

3.      46:8-27  A Genealogy of Israel 

Here we find a list [1] of the descendants  of  Israel (46:8)  [sons of Israel (46:5)], as they make  their way to Egypt.  This is the small number of people which will grow and prosper. They will come out in a few hundred years as a great multitude- well over a million people.  The list is divided  according to the four mothers (Leah, Zilpah, Rachel, Bilhah)  of Jacob’s sons. 

A few observations…

(i)Leah’s sons  (46:8-15) : 

  • Leah’s 6 sons   Reuben (the first-born of all), Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar and Zebulun are  mentioned along with their sons. 
  • Two of Judah’s sons, Er and Onan died in Canaan (38:6-10). 
  • One of Simeon’s sons, Shaul (46:10) came from a Canaanite woman. 
  • Judah himself also took  Shua, a Canaanite wife (38:2) and after  she died  he had  a set of twins from his  daughter in law Tamar (the wife if  Er, whom the Lord put to death because of his wickedness)  to whom Perez and Zerah were born.  
  • This is an illustration, that despite  clear instructions  by God,  the covenant race falls  short (sins) time   and again.  No wonder that God will say to Israel in Deuteronomy 7:7,  on the verge of going into the land of Canaan, 7 It was not because you were more in number than any other people that the Lord set his love on you and chose you, for you were the fewest of all peoples, 8 but it is because the Lord loves you and is keeping the oath that he swore to your fathers, that the Lord has brought you out with a mighty hand and redeemed you from the house of slavery, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt.
  • The daughter Dinah (Ch. 34) is mentioned along with her brothers. Remember that this society was patri- linear, by God’s design.  

(ii) Zilphah’s sons  (46:16-18)  

  • She was Leah’s servant who bore Gad and Asher. 
  • Note the mention  of Serah – the sister of the offspring of Asher.

(iii)             Rachel's sons  (46:19-22)

  • Only Rachel is described as Jacob’s wife in this list.  
  • She bore Joseph (now Egypt’s prime minister) and Benjamin, the youngest brother.  
  • She died  as  a result of complications with his birth.  
  • Special mention is made of Joseph’s sons,  Manasseh and  Ephraim. 
  • Joseph’s Egyptian wife Asenath is the only wife mentioned  in the list. 
  • Benjamin, the last-born is also  the most fruitful. He has 10 sons!

The  grand total of 70 persons given  cannot  be taken literally.  Joseph was in Egypt; His sons Manasseh and Ephraim were born in Egypt.  Er and Onan died in Canaan. The explanation is that  this number is limited to  those who came from Jacob’s  body  which includes grand -children and great grand- children. 

(iv)             Bilhah's sons  (46:23-25)

  • Rachel’s servant who gave birth to Dan and Naphtali. 
  • Dan is the least fruitful of the sons. He only had one son.

4.      Reunion of Joseph and Israel (46:28-34)

·    Judah is given the honour to prepare for the meeting with Joseph (46:28). This  is remarkable since Judah was responsible for  the debacle  of Joseph  when he was sold to the Ishmaelites,  who took him to  Egypt (37:27). 

  •         46:29 What an emotional reunion. They did not see each other for  22 years. He never thought that he would see him again. Now he was ready to die (46:30). This is reminiscent of Simeon  in Lk 2:29-30.   Thank God for such happy moments in this life.
  •         46:31-34  Preparations for meeting Pharaoh: Joseph  instructs  his family in view of their meeting with Pharaoh. He explains to them that shepherds are an abomination  to the Egyptians.   This will lead them into the land of Goshen. Goshen is located in the north-eastern Nile Delta region of Egypt, also referred to as the land of Rameses (47:11). Here they would essentially be separated from Egyptian culture. There will be no attempt on the part of Pharaoh to integrate them into the mainstream of Egyptian culture.  This is  God's hand of providence protecting Israel from integrating with the false gods of Egypt. He prepares the way for Israel to be secluded and protected in Egypt until the time of strong oppression and opposition comes – when the time  for the Exodus comes.

Thank God for His strong hand upon His people. 

This is our  confidence, both now, and for evermore. 

The doctrine of God’s providence, coupled with His steadfast, faithful love is a key doctrine for the believer to hold on to. 


[1] See a list of the 12 sons of Israel repeated in Exodus  1:1-5

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