Monday, April 25, 2022

Genesis 48 - "Jacob blesses Joseph’s sons"

 


In chapter 47 we have seen Jacob and his family settled in the province of Goshen in Egypt.  In chapter 48 we shall find a special interaction of blessing between Jacob and Joseph and Joseph’s sons, Manasseh and Ephraim before Jacob speaks his parting words and blessings to his sons in chapter 49. These last chapters of Genesis mark the end of Jacob’s life and introduce the next generation by means of a transfer of blessing. The Hebrew word barak (בָרַךְ), translated as blessing, means literally "to kneel". We kneel before God to receive a benefit or blessing. To bless is to give. The opposite of blessing is curse – to curse is to take away.  When we bless others we speak  and desire  well-being  in their lives. To bless and be  blessed is a fundamental part of our relationship with God, as well as relationships with other people. Whenever  such a mind-set  prevails  we are on our way to become a well ordered society.

OUTLINE

1.      48: 1- 4 Joseph   hears of his father’s final illness and prepares to receive his blessings

2.      48:5 -7 Jacob adopts Ephraim and Manasseh into Israel’s inheritance.

3.      48:8-20 Jacob blesses Ephraim and Manasseh and explains the choosing the younger over the older.

4.      48:21,22   Jacob makes a particular promise to Joseph.

1. 48:1-4 Joseph   hears of his father’s final illness and prepares to receive his blessings

We know that Jacob was an old man by the time he came to Egypt (47:9). He has given instructions to Joseph,  that should he die, he was not to be buried in Egypt, but in the land  of his fathers  (47:30). In the 48th  chapter we shall find him sick and near the end of his life. Jacob's frailty is reflected in the effort it takes him to sit up in bed (48:2). When Joseph hears of his father’s illness, he does what many family members do when they hear of such terminal illness of a relative. They go to pay their final respects. He takes his two oldest sons with him in the hope of receiving their grandfather’s blessing. We have just considered  the nature of blessing.   It is really important that we should learn to respect the aged and to seek out the prayer and the blessings of their wisdom.  Matthew Henry says, “It is good to acquaint young people that are coming into the world with the aged servants of God that are going out of it, whose dying testimony to the goodness of God, and the pleasantness of wisdom's ways, may be a great encouragement to the rising generation.” It is sad, that in our own generation we find so few aged fathers dying in the full blaze of faith, and able to bless their children and grandchildren. When you have not lived in the blessed presence of God in all your life (yes- with all its ups and downs) how will you be able to bless your children and your children’s children with a sense of that presence?

We see that Jacob is thoroughly familiar with a lifetime of the blessed presence of God. And now that he is ill and weak we see that Jacob rallies to the occasion: He sits up in bed.  As he nears the end of his life, his thoughts were fixed on the past encounters with the blessings of  God,  but  also  upon the future promises of God.

In 48:3-4 Jacob recalls that time when the GOD ALMIGHTY (El Shaddai) appeared to him in Luz in 28:10-22 and blessed him there with the same covenantal promises given to his father Isaac and grandfather Abraham. On occasion of this blessing he renamed this place Bethel (lit. house of God). From now on these covenant promises and blessings will not be bestowed upon solitary patriarchs but on the covenant family, consisting of the 12 tribes of Israel.

2. 48:5-7 He claims Joseph’s first 2 sons as His own and adopts them into Israel’s inheritance.

Joseph has been Israel’s human life-line  under God’s  good hand. It is therefore not surprising that Joseph will  receive a special blessing. From now on Joseph’s 2 sons Ephraim and Manasseh will constitute two future tribes in Israel. This is significant, for thereby he incorporates them into the covenantal line. [Note: Joseph’s name will fall away, and Levi will become the priestly tribe in Israel with no land inheritance in Canaan. Thus the future configuration will still be 12 tribes, but there will be no territory of Levi and Joseph].

All this must not be lost on us.  Jacob, by faith is assigning a blessing to the 2 sons of Joseph. A comment found in Hebrews 11:21 tells us, “By faith Jacob, when dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph, bowing in worship over the head of his staff.”  That faith is in God’s leading, and not in his own strength.  In fact, Jacob- by God’s leading will elevate Ephraim and Manasseh’s position in the family above his oldest sons Reuben and Simeon (see his word concerning them in 49:3-7).  The extent of this blessing will eventually be seen in that Ephraim and Manasseh’s land allocations in Canaan will be bigger because of their numerical superiority.

48:7 Note here that even now the death of Rachel (Joseph’s mother), who lies buried in Bethlehem is on Jacob’s mind. She was in truth his legitimate wife.  In marriage you can really only love one partner. Polytheism doesn’t work. 

3. 48:8- 20 Jacob blesses Ephraim and Manasseh and explains the choosing the younger over the older

As Joseph stands with his 2 sons before his father, Jacob is not able to recognise them, because he was nearly blind (48:10) - like Isaac his father (27:1). In those days there was no cataract surgery – a wonderful blessing of our day.  Getting old is not for sissies, and Matthew Henry helpfully reminds us in this regard  that (i) those that have the honour of age must therewith be content to take the burden of it, and  that  (ii) The eye of faith may be very clear even when the eye of the body is very much clouded. [1]

As Joseph presents the boys to their grandfather, Jacob says, “Bring them to me, please that I may bless them.” (48:9). Joseph arranges them so that the older is to Jacob's right side, and the younger to Jacob's left. This followed typical customs of the day, and implied that the older son would receive the greater blessing. Fondly grandpa Jake embraces them and kisses them, like a good grandfather would. Proverbs 17: 6 reminds us, “grandchildren are the crown of the aged, and the glory of children is their fathers.”  

Joseph bows down with his face on the ground before his aged father. He doesn't notice that Jacob crosses his hands (48:14) —placing his right hand, and thereby the primary blessing on the head of Ephraim, the younger grandson (48:13–14). As he does this once again remembers how God had shepherded him throughout life, and he remembers the angel of God that had protected him from all evil (48:15b,16; cf.  2 Tim. 4:18). This is a lovely thing, - an experiential knowledge that belongs to older people that have faithfully walked with God. Our experiences as older people, of God’s faithfulness and our testimony to His keeping power must serve to encourage  and bless  our younger people who as yet have not  tasted as deeply of the Lord’s  faithful provision throughout life.  

From this follows the blessing, “bless the boys, and in them let my name be carried on, and the name of  my fathers, Abraham and Isaac; and let them grow into a multitude in the midst of the earth.”  Here Jacob asks God to continue his legacy and   the legacy of Abraham and Isaac through them (48:15–16). Pray that your offspring will follow in  your footsteps , who has followed in the footsteps of Christ.

48: 17-20 When Joseph realizes that the hands were switched, he is displeased. This wasn’t according to plan.   His father Jacob however says, “I know my son, I know.” Hebrews 11:21 is our interpretive key: By faith Jacob, when dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph, bowing in worship over the head of his staff.”  This was no accident. This was by God’s design.  You may remember that he himself had tricked his father Isaac by pretending to be firstborn Esau and thus he inherited the blessing.  Here in this case Jacob deliberately chooses the younger over the older, by faith!  To be sure, both would be blessed, but the younger shall be greater than he, and his offspring will become a multitude of nations. (48:19). We may wonder why Ephraim is given the greater position. The simplest answer is that God’s blessings always come to those who do not deserve it. And so it is true  that  God  frequently  choses the younger above the older - Abel above Cain, Shem above Japheth and Ham, Abraham above Nahor and Haran, Isaac above Ishmael, Jacob above Esau; Judah and Joseph before Reuben and Simeon, Moses before Aaron, David before his older brothers.  Even in the matter  of the preference given to the Gentiles above the Jews whereby Gentile believers converts  would be many more than those of the Jews. (See Gal. 4:27). It is true that  the first born  birth-right  was the norm  (Deut. 21:17), but God as the sovereign One  reserves  the right   to change  that rule.   Free grace is God’s operative principle. And as we look into the future this is exactly what we see. Ephraim did become the dominant tribe from the days of the Judges onwards. Joshua was of that tribe after Moses died.  When the division occurred after  the death of Solomon, Ephraim was often used to  designate the Northern kingdom  (cf. Hosea 5:1-6:11). The rebel king of the NK was Jeroboam from the tribe of Ephraim. In the foresight of all this, Jacob crossed his hands and blessed accordingly.

48:21-22  Jacob makes a particular promise to Joseph

The chapter concludes with Jacob giving Joseph and his descendants a very specific piece of land in Canaan as a gift. Earlier portions of Genesis don't mention this specific piece of land, The exact Hebrew word Jacob uses here for the mountain slope   is shekem, so some think  this is Shechem, which was conquered by Jacob's sons in revenge for the rape of Dinah (Genesis 34:27). John 4:5 tells  us of a town called “Sychar, near the field that Jacob had given to his son Joseph. Jacob’s well was there…”. Joseph will be buried here on this special piece of land given to him by his father (Joshua 24:32). Again, Matthew Henry  astutely  comments, “It may sometimes be both just and prudent to give some children portions above the rest; but a grave is that which we can most count upon as our own in this earth.

So much then for the earthly blessings which are ours in the Name of God. Above all let us remember then that all these things are shadows. May the Lord increase your families in the sincere faith of our Lord Jesus Christ, and may many of your tribes be found in the  heavenly Canaan by virtue of your fatherly blessing and prayer, in the Name of God. Amen!

In Chapter 49  Jacob will make predictions and bestow other blessings on his remaining sons.

 



[1] Matthew Henry commentary

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