Friday, November 15, 2019

Isaiah 9:8-10:4 "God’s Outstretched Hand"


General  Overview

·       Isaiah  Chapters 7-12  is known as "The Immanuel Book”[1]   
·       Last time we ended on a wonderfully encouraging note as we considered the Immanuel child with the 4 names (9:1-7).
·       This new section (9:8-10:4) appears in sharp contrast to 9:1-7.  This is by design. The glorious age of the Messiah just described will come, but it is not yet. This hopelessness is meant to make us look elsewhere. Until the Messiah comes to redeem His creation, this earth will groan (Rom. 8:18-23).Throughout this  section  Isaiah encourages us to lift our eyes above to Immanuel, our Wonderful Counsellor, the Mighty God, the  Everlasting Father, the  Prince of Peace, the Branch.
·       Isaiah 9:8-10:4 is written in four parts, each part concluding with the words,  “For all this His anger is not turned away, and his hand is stretched out still.”    God has been using the prophet Isaiah to warn the people of Israel (NK) and Judah (SK) concerning  the impending judgment which will come upon them if they do not repent. In this text, Isaiah is commanded to speak a Word from the Lord to the NK. But God is also using the prophet Isaiah to speak to us in our own day. 

We will find 4 warnings here that correspond to our own day. 

Outline  of 9:8-10:4

(i)               Because of your  pride  you will be  defeated  by  many  enemies (9:8-12)
(ii)             Because  you refuse to repent  your leadership will be overthrown (9:13-17)
(iii)           Because  you persist  in  wickedness you will turn against one another (9:18-21)
(iv)            Because  you practice social injustice there  will be a day of judgement  (10:1-4)

1.     9:8-12 Because of  your pride  your  will be  defeated by  many  enemies

Our text begins with these dramatic words: “The Lord has sent a word against Jacob, and it will fall on Israel” (Jacob = Israel=  Ephraim= Samaria= NK).  The tribe of Ephraim was the largest tribe in the NK . Ephraim is therefore  often used synonymously with  Israel and the NK.  Samaria was the capital city of the NK.  This prophecy is directed to the NK. The Lord (here  Adonai -  the sovereign  Lord/ Master) has a weighty word for this  wayward nation. Whenever we think of the word of the Lord, we must  not think in small terms. God’s word is always weighty and sure. 
We get a sense of this in Isaiah 55:11: “...so shall my word be that goes out from my mouth; it shall not return to me empty, but it shall accomplish that which I purpose, and shall succeed in the thing for which I sent it.” 
The words of the Lord are his deeds. God has sent forth this word, and because it is His word, He will bring it to pass [2]. This word is given as a result of the prideful, arrogant attitude of the NK (9:9).  This arrogant attitude   is described in 9:10.  In their pride, the leaders and the people of the NK of Israel said, “The bricks have fallen, but we will build with dressed stones” etc. Whatever has fallen down (probably a reference to the earthquake of Amos 1:1;4:11), they said,  we will  simply rebuild with something better.  

In so doing they disregarded the hand of God in the earthquake that caused the bricks to collapse. Their world view was the ‘Yes we can’ attitude, which is so common in our own day.  They and we make no connection with the fact that God sends wars and  calamities against a pride infested people.  But look what is happening! From the perspective of Isaiah, the spokesman of God, it is the  LORD that  sends successive waves of enemies  over time against Israel –first there  is King Rezin and the Syrians from the east and the Philistines from the West (9:11,12),   and later the Assyrians in 10:5ff. At the hand of the Assyrians, the destruction of NK- Israel would be complete. After this they will never rebuild anything!   The most notable  fact here  is that  God is the FIRST CAUSE of their down fall,  as He uses the  Syrians  on the east, the Philistine in the west (9:12), and infighting or civil war (9:18-21)and finally Assyria (10:5-19)  to humble them.

This section  ends with the refrain (9:12b),  For all this, His anger has not turned away, and His hand is stretched out still”.  It appears at the end of each of these four sections (9:12; 9:17; 9:21; 10:4). Literally, it reads, "All this judgment, but still there is more to come." It signifies that He continues to judge,  which  now  follows  in  the next section…

2. 9:13-17 Because you  refuse to repent, your  leadership will be overthrown.

Listen to this: “The people did not  turn to Him who struck them, nor inquire  of the LORD of hosts.So the LORD cut off from NK- Israel head and tail…” (9:13,14). 
Despite  the fact that God  had  sent these enemies against them they would not listen. The more they were chastised by God the more they refused to listen. The consequence of rejecting the word of the LORD is that they will listen to someone else. “You gotta serve somebody” (Bob Dylan).

The problem  is  that those  that they were listening to  their  societal leaders such  as  the  elder and  the honoured man, and the prophet-  BUT none of these led by the truth. On the contrary, they led their people astray (9:16). They were not leaders – they were misleaders! They misled the young men, the vulnerable orphans  and widows. Even these   were led astray by the godless examples of their leaders.  In the end they were all speaking folly (9:17).

When the Word of the LORD is rejected by leaders,  society crumbles! Hosea[3] says, “and it shall be like people like priest” (Hosea 4:9). All are corrupt. No one is righteous. What else can God do but to   judge this wicked nation?  Isaiah speaks graphically. In one day (i.e. very quickly) head and tail, palm branch and reed (tall growth and low growth), elders, respected men and the prophets will be cut off. And God is the FIRST Cause. He hands us over to bad leaders. Yet, Israel still refuses to turn to God. And once again, God says, [REFRAIN  9:17b]   For all this, His anger has not turned away, and His hand is stretched out still” -literally - "All this judgment, but still there is more to come."

3.     9:18-21 Because you persist in your wickedness you will attack your own brothers.

Evil leaders are self- centered. We have seen that their self- serving leadership causes their society to lose its cohesiveness. Brother betrays brother. It is a part of what it means to be handed over by God. Let’s see how this happens.

9:18For wickedness burns like a fire; it consumes briars and thorns; it kindles the thickets of the forest, and they roll upward in a column of smoke.”  We all have seen the recent images of wildfires in California, Australia and even South Africa. Wildfires are   unstoppable, swift, uncontrolled, devouring everything before them. The prophet Isaiah applies this image to the wrath of God on this godless society:  And the people are like fuel for the fire” (9:19).  Their wickedness supplies fuel to the fire of God’s judgment.  He hands us over to ourselves.  It manifests in society by the fact that close family ties are no longer considered sacred. No man shall spare his brother (9:19-21). God did not need to start the fire or fan the flames; He simply takes away the gift of common grace - the “fire retardant” that restrains evil men.  Ephraim and Manasseh (9:21) the sons of Joseph were blood brothers, but  here they devour each other, and together  they are against their brother Judah. It is a picture of utter societal chaos and disintegration. This house is hopelessly divided. It cannot stand.[4]

In terms of application all we have to do is to observe the history of the NK- Israel,   following the death of Jeroboam II  in 2 Kings 14:23-29). We see what follows  in 2 Kings 15:8ff . Six kings reigned before NK-Israel fell in 722 BC. Five came to the throne by assassination of their own brothers.  This is the wildfire of God’s judgment. They fought with each other, and they fought against their brothers in the southern kingdom of Judah. No love for God = no love for fellow man.  The apostle Paul saw this and he warned the Galatians, 13 For you were called to freedom, brothers. Only do not use your freedom as an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another. 14 For the whole law is fulfilled in one word: “You shall love your neighbour as yourself.” 15 But if you bite and devour one another, watch out that you are not consumed by one another. Gal. 5:13-16

And once again, a third time,  God says, For all this, His anger has not turned away, and His hand is stretched out still” - "All this judgment, but still there is more to come." (9:21b) There was still sin to judge, and God wasn’t ready to stop His work of judgment.

4.     (10:1-4) Because of  social injustice, you will be exiled and  killed.

Again, the subject here relates to the leadership of NK-Israel, acting in a ruthless  way against the poor and vulnerable of their society: 10:1-2 “Woe to those who decree iniquitous decrees, and the writers who keep writing oppression, to turn  aside  the needy from justice  and to  rob the poor of my people of their  right, that widows may be their spoil, and that they  may make the fatherless their  prey!
The question for them is, “What will you do on the day of punishment, in the ruin that will come from afar? To whom will you flee, and where will you leave your wealth?  (10:3) …and the answer is …” you will crouch among the prisoners or fall among the slain (10:4).  

All that God needs to do to bring judgment on Israel is to withdraw His protection. Without Him they have no hope before  their enemies. And for the fourth time, Isaiah says, “For all this, His anger has not turned away, and His hand is stretched out still” -  "All this judgment, but still there is more to come." (10:4b). The repetition of this refrain reminds us that God is not letting up on them. They will drink His wrath down to the dregs.  There will be no escape from God’s justice. It is either repentance now, or it is the facing of the wrath of God when the day of mercy has expired.  What hope is there for a people like this?

Here is  the only hope! As we look back over the last few chapters we take note that the Immanuel book (Chapters 7-12) reverberates with Name of the Messiah – Immanuel (7:14;8:8,10), Wonderful Counsellor, Mighty God, Prince of Peace, everlasting Father (9:6,7), the Branch  (11:1).

Greater than God’s judgment is the message of God’s mercy. The mercy plan of God is rooted in God’s Messiah. Isaiah begs us to look to the Messiah – NOW! The key to our survival is the Messiah. Look to Him! He is the central focus of this section. 
This is the Gospel, the Good News, and it becomes the Good News only because we have learned to recognise the severity of the bad news that surrounds us. 
Do you recognise these societal symptoms in our day?  

"What will  YOU do on the day of punishment... to whom will YOU flee for help, and where will YOU leave  YOUR wealth?" (Isa.10:3)

And in the light of these facts, do you recognise and embrace the Messiah?






[1] H.C. Leupoldt:  Exposition of Isaiah, Baker Book House, p.39
[2]  E. Young:  The Book of Isaiah,  Eerdmans , p.348
[3] Hosea –the last prophet of Israel to prophesy before the NK fell to Assyria
[4] Luke 11:17; Mark 3:25; Matthew 12:25

No comments:

THE DOCTRINE OF REST

This Paper was given at a Break-away Session  during the 2024 SOLA 5 Conference by Joachim Rieck  The doctrine of rest, or ceasing from work...